Math 157

| Course Design GuideCollege of Natural SciencesMTH/157 Version 3Math for Elementary Teachers II| Copyright  © 2011, 2009, 2007 by University of Phoenix. All rights reserved. Course Description This course is the second in a two-part series designed for K–8 preservice teachers to address the conceptual framework for mathematics taught in elementary school. The focus of Part Two will be on measurement, geometry, probability, and data analysis. The relationship of the course concepts to the National Council of Teachers of Mathematics Standards for K–8 instruction is also addressed. PoliciesFaculty and students/learners will be held responsible for understanding and adhering to all policies contained within the following two documents: University policies: You must be logged into the student website to view this document. Instructor policies: This document is posted in the Course Materials forum. University policies are subject to change. Be sure to read the policies at the beginning of each class. Policies may be slightly different depending on the modality in which you attend class. If you have recently changed modalities, read the policies governing your current class modality. Course MaterialsBillstein, R. , Libeskind, S. , & Lott, J. W. (2010). A problem solving approach to mathematics for elementary school teachers (10th ed. ). Boston, MA: Addison-Wesley. All electronic materials are available on the student website. Week One: Data Analysis| | Details| Due| Points| Objectives| 1. 1 Use appropriate statistical methods to analyze data. 1. 2 Develop predictions based on data. | | | Course Preparation| Read the course description and objectives. Read the instructor’s biography and post your own. | | | Reading| Read Ch. 9 of A Problem Solving Approach to Mathematics for Elementary School Teachers. | | Reading| Read Ch. 10 of A Problem Solving Approach to Mathematics for Elementary School Teachers. | | | Reading| Read the Associate Level Mat erial: Using MyMathLab ®. | | | Reading| Read this week’s Electronic Reserve Readings. | | | Participation| Participate in class discussion. | | 10| Discussion Questions| Respond to weekly discussion questions. | | 10| IndividualMyMathLab ® Orientation| Complete the Orientation Assignment located in MyMathLab ®. | | 45| Week Two: Probability| | Details| Due| Points| Objectives| 1 2. 3 Apply basic concepts of probability. | | | Reading| Review Ch. of A Problem Solving Approach to Mathematics for Elementary School Teachers. | | | Reading| Review Ch. 10 of A Problem Solving Approach to Mathematics for Elementary School Teachers. | | | Nongraded Activities and PreparationSpinner Activity| View the Spinner Activity Animation located on the student website. | | | IndividualText Problems 1| Complete Text Problems 1 located in MyMathLab ®. | | 70| IndividualProbability Games| Resources: http://www. betweenwaters. comAccess to the Probability Games on the Between Waters websit e by using the following directions:Go to http://www. betweenwaters. omScroll down and click on Probability Games. Locate the Coin Flip and Dice Roll games. Click Play under each activity to play the games. Play both the Coin Flip and Dice Roll games. After you have played the games, write a 350- to 700-word paper describing your experience. Include the following in your paper:What did you learn about how probabilities are determined? What method might be the most difficult concept for children to learn and why? Post your paper as an attachment. | | 100| ————————————————- ————————————————- Week Three: Introduction to Geometry| Details| Due| Points| Objectives| 2 3. 4 Apply characteristics and properties of two- and three-dimensional geometric shapes in problem so lving. 3. 5 Identify geometric figures and shapes based on mathematical arguments. 3. 6 Use visualization, spatial reasoning, and geometric modeling to solve problems. | | | Reading| Read Ch. 11 of A Problem Solving Approach to Mathematics for Elementary School Teachers. | | | Reading| Read this week’s Electronic Reserve Readings. | | | Participation| Participate in class discussion. | | 10| Discussion Questions| Respond to weekly discussion questions. | 10| ————————————————- ————————————————- Week Four: Introduction to Geometry, Continued| | Details| Due| Points| Objectives| 3 4. 7 Apply characteristics and properties of two- and three-dimensional geometric shapes in problem solving. 4. 8 Identify geometric figures and shapes based on mathematical argumen ts. 4. 9 Use visualization, spatial reasoning, and geometric modeling to solve problems. | | | Reading| Review Ch. 11 of A Problem Solving Approach to Mathematics for Elementary School Teachers. | | IndividualText Problems 2| Complete Text Problems 2 located in MyMathLab ®. | | 35| IndividualGeometry Manipulatives| Prepare an activity involving a geometric manipulative designed to teach a geometric concept to an elementary school student. You may create your own activity or modify an existing activity; if you are modifying an existing activity, however, ensure your sources are properly cited. Create a handout including the following information:A detailed description of your activity, which must include the application of the characteristics and properties of the hosen geometric shapeInstructions for conducting the activityMaterials neededNational Council of Teacher of Mathematics standards addressed| | 100| —————————à ¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€- ————————————————- Week Five: Applications of Geometry| | Details| Due| Points| Objectives| 4 5. 10 Specify locations using coordinate geometry. 5. 11 Describe spatial relationships using coordinate geometry. 5. 12 Use symmetry to analyze mathematical situations. | | | Reading| Read Ch. 12 of A Problem Solving Approach to Mathematics for Elementary School Teachers. | | | Reading| Read Ch. 4 of A Problem Solving Approach to Mathematics for Elementary School Teachers. | | | Reading| Read this week’s Electronic Reserve Readings. | | | Participation| Participate in class discussion. | | 10| Discussion Questions| Respond to weekly discussion questions. | | 10| Nongraded Activities and PreparationAnimations| View the following animations located on the student website:Grapher AnimationTransformations AnimationLady Bu g Transformation Animation| | | ————————————————- ————————————————- Week Six: Applications of Geometry, Continued| | Details| Due| Points|Objectives| 5 6. 13 Specify locations using coordinate geometry. 6. 14 Describe spatial relationships using coordinate geometry. 6. 15 Use symmetry to analyze mathematical situations. | | | Reading| Review Ch. 12 of A Problem Solving Approach to Mathematics for Elementary School Teachers. | | | Reading| Review Ch. 14 of A Problem Solving Approach to Mathematics for Elementary School Teachers. | | | IndividualText Problems 3| Complete Text Problems 3 located in MyMathLab ®. | | 85| IndividualTessellation Patterns| Resource: Associate Level Material: Appendix ACreate a tessellation pattern using theMicrosoft ® Paint program, the GeoGebra website, a Microsoft ® PowerPoint ® presentation, or other means available to you, or you may draw something by hand. Ask your instructor for assistance if needed. Use color and shading to create a visually-pleasing tessellation. Write a 350- to 700-word paper including the following:An explanation of why you chose the tessellated figureThe type of transformation used and whyThe actual tessellation or a picture of the created tessellation * Format your paper consistent with APA guidelines. | | 100| ————————————————- ————————————————-Week Seven: Applications of Measurement| | Details| Due| Points| Objectives| 6 7. 16 Identify the relevant attributes of objects when solving problems. 7. 17 Apply appropriate techniques, tools, and formulas to determ ine measurements. | | | Reading| Read Ch. 13 of A Problem Solving Approach to Mathematics for Elementary School Teachers. | | | Reading| Read this week’s Electronic Reserve Readings. | | | Participation| Participate in class discussion. | | 10| Discussion Questions| Respond to weekly discussion questions. | | 10| ————————————————- ———————————————— Week Eight: Applications of Measurement, Continued| | Details| Due| Points| Objectives| 7 8. 18 Identify the relevant attributes of objects when solving problems. 8. 19 Apply appropriate techniques, tools, and formulas to determine measurements. | | | Reading| Review Ch. 13 of A Problem Solving Approach to Mathematics for Elementary School Teachers. | | | IndividualText Problems 4| Complete Text Problems 4 locate d in MyMathLab ®. | | 40| IndividualReflective Paper| Prepare a 700- to 1,050-word paper synthesizing the major concepts addressed in this course.Include the following in your paper:Summarize the major mathematical concepts of the course. Explain how the concepts learned in this course are relevant to the characteristics of a professional mathematics teacher. Determine how the course concepts have influenced your ideas and philosophy of teaching. Recommend changes to the practice of mathematics instruction based on your learning experiences in the MTH/156 and MTH/157 courses. Format your paper consistent with APA guidelines. | | 100| ————————————————- ————————————————-Week Nine: Mathematical Connection| | Details| Due| Points| Objectives| 8 9. 20 Synthesize the mathematical concepts addressed in this course. | | | CapstoneParticipation| Participate in class discussion. | | 10| Capstone Discussion Questions| Respond to weekly discussion questions. | | 10| Final ProjectFinal Exam| Complete the Final Exam located in MyMathLab ®. | | 225| ————————————————- Optional Discussion Questions Week One Discussion Questions How do all the branches in a tree diagram illustrate the counting principle or generate all possible outcomes?Explain your answer. * When a student is taught how to find the mean of a set of data, why might they have a difficult time accepting the answer? Provide an example. Week Three Discussion Questions How might you involve children in learning geometric concepts? Which geometric concept do you think will be most difficult for children to learn and why? * Why is three-dimensional geometry important? What difficultie s might students have when working in three-dimensional geometry? Week Five Discussion Questions Why do some children have difficulty with rotational symmetry?What methods can you use to help them understand rotational symmetry? * Research the flag for the state or country in which you live. Determine the number of lines of symmetry in the flag, and describe the lines of symmetry you discover. What concept might you use this activity for in an elementary school setting? Week Seven Discussion Questions Accurate measurement of the volume of different shapes is an important mathematical concept. Review the following scenario and respond: * A student read about Volkswagen packing in the 1960s. She was interested in knowing the maximum number of students that fit into a Volkswagen car.How might you help her estimate an answer in a reasonable way? Explain. * What are one to three activities that helped you understand the concept of area? How did these activities help you understand the co ncept? Might the same activities help children understand the concept? Explain. Week Nine Discussion Questions What two mathematical concepts that you have learned in this course do you feel will be the most beneficial to you in the classroom? Why? * * Select one mathematical concept you have learned in this course and provide a brief example of how you could incorporate it into a lesson in the classroom.What steps would you take to ensure students understand the concept? Copyright University of Phoenix ® is a registered trademark of Apollo Group, Inc. in the United States and/or other countries. Microsoft ®, Windows ®, and Windows NT ® are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation in the United States and/or other countries. All other company and product names are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective companies. Use of these marks is not intended to imply endorsement, sponsorship, or affiliation. Edited in accordance with University of Phoenix ® edi torial standards and practices.

Book Review on the book Virgin Birth

Gerd Ludemann is the author of a well-known book namely Virgin Birth: The Real Story of Mary and Her Son Jesus. As mentioned above, this essay basically would present a critical review of this book. The author of this book, Gerd Ludemann works at the University of Gottingen as a Professor of the New Testament. The author of this book has also penned down other master pieces of nearly the same concept such as The Great Deception: And What Jesus Really said and Did, What really happen to Jesus: A Historical Approach to the Resurrection, The Unholy in Holy Scripture: The Dark Side of the Bible.The book has been written by this German New Testament scholar as an attempt to put forward the historical realities that lie behind the birth of Jesus, who as said was born to a virgin mother namely Mary and the description of the Holy Family by the evangelists. The book is one of its kinds and in it; the author has gone through all of the previous references that were made to Jesus and his birth along with the Holy Family in the writings presented by the early Church and certain rival sources of the Jews.In the book under consideration, that is Virgin Birth: The Real Story of Mary and Her Son Jesus, the author has discussed some of the previous stories of Christmas (the birth of Jesus) that are present in the New Testament, reforms the traditions that have been used in them and then moves on to answer or to put forward the main concept of the book, that is the answer to the question of what really happened at the birth of Jesus Christ. The main point of the book is basically to grapple the concept of the birth from a virgin, its validity and the loopholes that are present in the concept while backing it with a number of historical evidences.Critical Review â€Å"It is time to life the veil which—woven from a mixture of dogmatics, piety and fantasy—has lain over the figure of Mary. Mary is better unveiled, because in this way she becomes more credible and mor e human† –Gerd Ludemann As known to all, the Bible states that Jesus was born to a virgin mother who is a very well-known character in history and religion and her name was Mary. A vast number of anti-Christian groups, in order to tarnish the image of the religion and especially that of Virgin Mary have claimed that as Jesus was born out of wed lock he was illegitimate and Mary, as his mother was a sinner.In this book, the author argues that the Christian parable of the virgin birth of Jesus, upholds the formations of stigmatization, refusing the right of women to sexual and cultural freewill. His argument is that, instead of taking Mary acutely as a woman of our time and for that reason also taking seriously women in our time, a vast number of churches these days carry on ignoring the repeatedly destructive consequences of the myth of Mary men and women who believe in it.The author of this book, Gred Ludemann, who is a controversial professor of New Testament at the Un iversity of Gottingen, in Germany, in his book, has challenged the traditional teachings of the church related to Jesus and his mother Mary. The book begins with a brief over view of the Catholic and Protestant doctrines on Mary and then moves on to critically goes through all of the verses of the Bible that refer to Mary such as The Gospel of Matthew, The Gospel of Luke and the Acts of the Apostles, The Gospel of John, The Gospel of Thomas etc.He has done so with the hope of revealing a view of Mary’s thinking which was free of any thoughts or teachings related to the Church. The results presented by the author are very provocative and include a claim by the author stating that due to the fact that Mary gave birth to Jesus out of wedlock, she became the object of a number of lies that were put down to theory and were of great use or served the best interest of the early church, which obviously tarnished her own image and her character as a real human being.The book is rather stagnant. At times, a reader would perhaps loose interest because of the same thing being repeated over and over again. Although he has made a good attempt by going through all of the texts in a chronological order and that too all of them in three different stages. The first stage is the redaction, the second is the tradition, and last but not the least, the third is history. All three of them are linked to each other, but when read for the first time, this point is extremely hard to understand.The author has moved on from topic to topic very quickly which makes it even harder for a first time reader in particular to get what the author is trying to prove. The book somehow starts getting better after reaching page number forty, the second chapter namely â€Å"Mary in the New Testament and in the Christian Sources outside the New Testament: Redaction, Tradition, History†. As stated previously the book begins with a very brief introduction to a number of Catholic and Protesta nt doctrines, but they also have been explained in a way which is rather hard to understand at times.This makes the book seem rather uninteresting to any reader. He has also presented results of all the texts of the previously mentioned doctrines, but after going through nearly half of these results, one is forced to think whether the author is being rather very judgemental adnd if the book is not just a part of his own thoughts. Eventually in the end he has put forward the results of all the catholic and protestant doctrines along with the results of the verses and texts from the Bible, but they also tend to give the idea that the author is very judgemental and is not open to ideas.The worst aspect of the book however remains the fact that the text on its own is rather complicated and needs to be read twice in order to actually understand where the book is heading. A reader of the first time might remain baffled and complexed about what the author is trying to prove until he or she actually reads it in the end. Conclusion In the light of the above disucssion we can hereby culminate that Virgin Birth: The Real Story of Mary and Her Son Jesus is a well-known book written by Gerd Ludemann who is a scholar of the New Testament at the University of Gottingen.He has penned-down a vast number of master pieces, which are somehow related to each other. In this book, the author has openly challenged the traditional teachings of the church related to Jesus and his mother Mary, who according to the Bible gave birth to Jesus while remaining a virgin. The book improves as it moves on, but it is rather hard to understand right at the beginning owing to the fact that it is rather complicated. Works Cited Ludemenn, Gred. Virgin Birth: The Real Story of Mary and Her Son Jesus. United States of America. Trinity Press International. ISBN: 1563382431.

Kari Martinsen Philosophy of caring Model Essay

Kari Martinsen Philosophy of caring Model - Essay Example Principally, there are three features that links nursing care; the belief of quality in nursing, the association between nursing care and ethical values and compassionate as an interpretational exercise. In contrast, countless patients complain about the lack of care when consulting their doctors, facing ignorance, inattentiveness or undignified conduct (Malmsten, 1999). I debate about the state of caring in nursing and highlight some of the distresses in relation to care in nursing. Mission/Vision Statement/Core Values Mercy Suburban Hospital’s vision statement is to be the leading provider of kindhearted health care and increased community access to excellent health and Medicare services aimed at improving the quality of health of communities and individuals. Mission: Mercy Health System aims at building strongly partnership with the Catholic Church in healing and treatment through the ministry’s spirit of the sisters of mercy. In fulfilling the mission, Mercy Health Hospital strives to create a caring and compassionate environment within the hospital and its surroundings. Besides, the hospital is dedicated to communal transformation and healing addressing the diverse health demands of the community and increased access to medical care by the marginalized and the disadvantaged groups. Mercy suburban Hospital works closely with the patients and their families to forge on advancing spiritual and psychosocial support through innovative compassionate care and medicines. Core Values Mercy Systems Hospital is committed to: Excellence: in quality medical care and health services which exceeds expectation of the patient Christian Service Motivation: contributing to the preservation and strengthening of Catholic Health service via Catholic Health East membership Inclusiveness: affirming and inviting persons from all ethnicities, religion, and culture to network and collaborate with Mercy Systems in providing quality healthcare to the community. Stewardsh ip: enhance fiscal responsibility and creative leadership among all the stakeholders. Besides, it enhances staff development, resource conservation and nurturing the environment. Integrity: advocacy and generation of trust. The Kari Martisen Philosophy of Nursing Care There is a considerable discrepancy between expectations and reality in nursing care (Martinsen, 2006). Not all doctors or nurses care a terrific deal. The concept of care in the field of medicine is disputable. I welcome Kari perspectives on the influence and importance of ethics in relation to nursing care. Care by definition requires the recognition of the need. The basic human existence relates to this definition. As humans, we are social and dependent on other people. Thus, care is a preconditioned fundamental in human life. As mankind, we are interconnected; this creates dependency which requires a response in the form of care (Malmsten, 1999). Martinsen understands a state of care as being circumstantial, emotio nally burdened and particularistic in nature. Care is to communicate to the other in absolute and impulsive way as a reaction to the condition of the other (Martinsen, 2006). To accomplish this, we must identify the patient need in the first place. Noting the necessity for care is thus the basic element of care as Martinsen implies by arguing that in order to care for the patient, we must both be able to see and express the patient’s plea for assistance in order to reinforce the patient’

Nike Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Nike - Essay Example This including signing superstars like Tiger Woods, Serena Williams, etc., as brand ambassadors. 2. Nike strategies brought a new change in the market; it became an eye opener to its competitors and started a phenomenon of marketing strategies to stay alive in the market. Many companies think of 'creative' communications as being memorable for their entertainment, humor or impact, however, effective creativity must be built on a foundation that: Direct marketing prospects have time to think and choose whether or not to act. They look for reasons to reject an offer. Direct marketing makes a call to action, which aims to move the prospect beyond thinking 'that's a clever ad'. The marketer needs to determine the time of year, which is most likely to provide the best results for a campaign, and plan accordingly. Production and execution of the campaign need to be coordinated within a realistic and appropriate time frame. With busy work, family and social commitments, customers have less time to shop around for the right product, giving great appeal to the convenient buying methods offered by direct marketing or mail order. Marketers also offer personal attention and a concern for the satisfaction of individual needs, which is not always found in large retail stores. 3. There is no point running a test or strategy for something, which makes little difference, like the alteration of one word in a headline. Successful direct marketing results from careful and regular testing. The market is fluid, keep abreast of changes and alter with it. Never outlay huge sums of money on a campaign based on the results of one test alone. The actual campaign is rarely as high in response as the test. 'Depth Research' is a term used by Roman (Integrated Direct Marketing) to describe a 'depth' rather than 'breadth' approach to research. This method advocates interviewing a small, careful selection of people, using a 'well-planned, relevant questionnaire'. The Internet has made depth research easier. A well-designed on-line questionnaire with a range of geo-demographic and more open questions can enable your customers to help you understand them in an efficient and cost-effective manner. Keep in mind, though, that people often feel freer to bend the truth in online surveys and questionnaires. Making as much of the form as possible optional rather than mandatory will ensure that the only responses you get will be from people who are genuinely interested in providing you with information. Reference Charles W. L. Hill. & Gareth R. Jones. Strategic Management. "BusinessLevel Strategy and the Industry Environment (ch. 6)". Boston:Houghton Mifflin.

MACROECONOMICS AND THE TABLET PC INDUSTRY Research Paper

MACROECONOMICS AND THE TABLET PC INDUSTRY - Research Paper Example Therefore, this essay aims at providing complete insight into the United States tablet PC market by explaining the current factors that are affecting the growth of the tablet PC industries (Langdana, 2009). Additionally, the study will exploit factors that are driving this market growth and the underlying growth strategies that they need to implemented to be at per with the current completion. There has been immense competition among the world’s major table manufacturers especially after the launch of iPad from the Apple. Approximately five month after the launch of iPad, Samsung launched the Samsung galaxy tablet (Alvarez, 2007). This created an overwhelming competition with Apple and since this time, the tablet PC manufacturing industries have produced or released several players (Langdana, 2009). For instance, after the release and launch of iPad PC tablet, numerous tablet manufacturing industries including Asus, Lenovo, and HP among others released numerous tablet PC model s into the market; thus, it may be noted that the major product and marketing decision in these industries are influenced mainly be the stiff competition within the industry (Dhir, 2004). Notably, it seems that the current market of these tablet PC manufacturing industries is pegged mainly on the tablet manufacturing. Therefore, the future of these industries may be governed largely usage around these tablets. In other words, if there will be shift in the usage of these tablets to another device, then it implies that these industries will collapse (Taylor and National Bureau of Economic Research, 1984). The market domain of tablet PCs is governed intended usages of these tablets PC. Some of the usage are governed by screen size, distribution channels, and operating platform used. Analysis of these factors are vital in the understanding the market domain of tablet PCs within the United States market. Some market research revealed that tablet PCs are designed mainly for personal usage within the United States market. Nonetheless, with time, these tablet PCs are expected to be adopted or designed for commercial usage. In essence, if they are used adopted the corporate environment they are expected to reduce additional costs usually incurred on top of laptops and desktop computers. The Apple’s iOS operating systems holds the largest U.S. tablet PC market shares. The Apple has achieved this through its first mover advantage (Silvia, 2011). The Google’s Android operating system comes second while others including Samsung, HP, Motorola, Lenovo, and HP among other manufacturers take other ranks within the stock market. The tablet PC Market The market trend of the tablet PCs can analyzed according to the three macroeconomic variables including price indices, rate of unemployment, and exchange rate. These three elements usually affect the market trend in large extent in that high price indices usually affect how consumers buy the intended products. The tab lets PCs are new technologies in the market and their advent and manufacture have been expensive; thus, leading to high prices of these tablets. On the other hand, high rate of unemployment usually affects the off farm income especially of the farm operator families (Matsumura and Moreira, 2005). Additionally, the unemployment rates usually affect t

Paragraph Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Paragraph - Essay Example The partnership is beneficial for Recycline in two basic ways; it gets easy access to raw material and a brand assistance to enter new markets. 2. Hudson has already played a good role in creating certain competitive advantages for his firm. However, as the new trends and changing business environments demand, he can initiate more interactive advertisements. Hudson can also deploy some celebrities for promoting his brand because celebrities are of great market value these days. Other marketing tactics he can initiate involves announcing price reduction, special offers, gifts etc. 3. As the company grows Hudson should heed more attention to marketing strategies. Greater emphasis must be given to making more innovative designs. In the same way, company has to shift its focus from domestic market to international markets too. As part of the business expansion, like any other international firm, personal style of business management must be substituted by more collaborated and integrated way of management. Since current trends give priority to consumer based marketing, Recycline can also rely on market segmentation strategies. In addition, company can launch regional outlets in order to become more interactive and consumer friendly.

Parents transition guide to college PowerPoint Presentation

Parents transition guide to college - PowerPoint Presentation Example It is in this context that Irvine Valley College has released Parent’s transition guide to the college. The need of transition guidance is well established by the fact that there is massive difference between school life and college life. The guidelines suggest parents of disabled children to have a prior orientation on the campus by physically going around the campus and analyse the adaptability of their children. The institution has a specialised department for the specific needs of physically challenged students called The Disabled Students Programs and Services Department. This department ensures personalised assistance and attention for each student. However, this service comes from the realisation that the needs of each student differ from that of others’. According to the intensity and extend of impairment the service of the department will be customised and delivered. One of the important factors which is highly dependent on the physical condition of the student is the accommodation. In Irvine Valley College, the Disabled Students Programs and Services Department ensures to provide the appropriate type of accommodation for the concerned student.

Engineering Disasters Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Engineering Disasters - Essay Example Measures Undertaken to Prevent Future Oil spills ExxonMobil made several changes thereafter to prevent oil spills in future. They are: changed oil tanker routes; strengthening training programs for captains and pilots; alcohol and drug testing procedures for sensitive positions; periodic examination of facilities and transport vessels; improved technology for vessel navigation. The system was deployed in other parts of the world to see that incident of this kind does not happen again (The Valdez Oil Spill 2012). Ethical Considerations in Engineering Catalano (2011) argues that Engineering has been a profession that keeps ethical dimension at the forefront; however, in view of various oil spills that has happened in recent years across the globe, author doubts that ethical responsibilities have not paced with scientific advancements. Author categorically stress that the engineers in this world now must own ethical responsibilities not only to safeguard all of its inhabitants but also our Mother Earth so as to have a secured and safe future for all of us. False Nuclear Alarms False Nuclear Alarms can become a cause of nuclear holocaust and if it happens so then it will be termed as perhaps the biggest engineering disasters of all. Sennott (2001) argues that as per the US government, 1152 false alarms of varying seriousness occurred between 1977 and 1984. This was due to some abnormal information given by warning sensors. The false signaling happens due to various reasons. Satellites can detect the infrared energy that emits from anywhere on the earth's surface. During gulf war, Iraqi Scud missiles were also detected by this satellite system. The author emphasizes that false alarm is in itself not a cause of much concern because they are quite routine now; however, the major threat comes from a second false alarm before the first one has been resolved. Forden et al. (2000) argue that first of the false warning of nuclear attack was noticed on November 9, 1979 by the US system that massive Soviet nuclear strike is on its way. The US defense system was virtu ally making their mind to counter attack through their ballistic missiles. In fact, no attack was initiated by soviet Russia and mistake was discovered soon and global nuclear war was thus, averted. In another incident, on January 25, 1995 Russian radars detected a US Trident nuclear missile. Again, for some reason counter attack was not launched from

History assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 2

History assignment - Essay Example Kennedy earned reputation after serving three years as a democratic congressional representative from the Boston area. He advocated better working conditions, more social security for the aged and higher wages. Kennedy’s outstanding performance during the four prior presidential debates contributed to his election as president of America. Kennedy’s time in office was not entirely satisfactory. Racial segregation incapacitated his tenure in office as many congresspersons refuted his efforts making it impossible to pass crucial bills that could help curb this situation. In 1964, he signed a bill that freed African-American from bondage of segregation. In addition, he faced recession as a problem that he remedied by proposing income tax cuts. The income tax cuts became actualized thereby raising minimum wage. History has positively viewed his tenure in office for championing civil rights regardless of race (Inklebarger 28). The fact is evident when he commanded the immediate release of Martin Luther, who was the champion of black people liberation. The aftermath of him leaving office was lots of tensions. The tension arose because of his closest rival Mr. Lyndon Johnson swearing in to the office at the watch of Mrs. Kennedy. The scene is perceivably a weird experience bearing in mind that the sitting president had just died and not even buried. Pertinent information, of course, would be that of his infidelity cases. Kennedy got involved sexually with a number of women like Exner, who later confesses that Kennedy’s election could not have been successful without her input. She helped him secure votes in Illinois and West Virginia. Inklebarger, Timothy. "Digitizing camelot: archive staff at the John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum have been working feverishly for eight years to provide digital content for historic events leading up to the 50th anniversary of the presidents assassination in November. Now its

Don't ask, don't tell, policy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Don't ask, don't tell, policy - Essay Example One of the greatest arguments against this policy is in regard to what an individual’s sexual orientation has to do with serving in the United States military. Being gay, lesbian, or bisexual is not a physical anomaly or something mental or psychological that would prevent that person from performing their military duties to the best of their ability. It is a way of life, but not something that effects how a person lives or serves their country. As such, a person’s sexual orientation should not be considered when a person is trying to join the military to fight for the freedom of their people, a concept which is seen as almost hypocritical: people of the gay community are not free to be themselves when wanting to join the military, yet the purpose of the military is to continue to fight for the freedom of people that are still oppressed, which can be seen as the gay community in the eyes of the United States military. The Don’t Ask, Don’t Tell Policy is among one of the most discriminatory policies in existence in the United States. In a country that prides itself on openness, acceptance, and diversity, the military fails at displaying many of these concepts (Belkin & Bateman, 2003). Bluntly stated, the United States military sexually discriminates every time that an openly gay, lesbian or bisexual individual makes it know that they want to join the military, though this accusation is often denied and a nonsense excuse is made up as to why people open about their orientation should not be in the military. The most favorable of these excuses is the living arrangements, with the military being concerned about the comfort of its members should an openly gay person join their ranks and their close living quarters. It should be none of the military’s concern what the sexual beliefs of their members are, just as long as they are physically, mentally and emotionally

Effective Persuasion Assignment Essay Example for Free

Effective Persuasion Assignment Essay Welcome to WritePoint, the automated review system that recognizes errors most commonly made by university students in academic essays. The system embeds comments into your paper and suggests possible changes in grammar and style. Please evaluate each comment carefully to ensure that the suggested change is appropriate for your paper, but remember that your instructors preferences for style and format prevail. You will also need to review your own citations and references since WritePoint capability in this area is limited. Thank you for using WritePoint. The city of Detroit was once the most populated city in the United States for single family homeownership, what happened? [Writing suggestion: Unless in a quote or a title, avoid rhetorical questions in academic writing. A good idea is to provide answers, not questions] How did urban blight take over seemingly [Avoid this word. It means in a seeming manner (which is meaningless); it does not mean it seems] , overnight? When you ride down a street where you grew up 20 years ago, only to see more abandon houses than standing occupied one’s it is heartbreaking. When a single family home or a business catches fire is it normal to leave the rubble standing as an eyesore? This is what you see. The Building and Safety Department, in charge of the responsibility of demolition, seems to be closed. The owners of businesses and single family homes are allowed to just walk away. During the eighties and early nineties there was a program called the Nuisance Abatement Program. It was put in place to allow low income families to have homeownership. Families that applied for the program were screened for approval to repair and occupy the homes for three years without paying any taxes. This gave the family time to fix up the property and secure homeownership without a mortgage. After three years the city had a tax base on the property again. A win, win marriage the program seem to be. The politicians in charge decided it was not profitable enough for them. During this same period many businesses that were [Writing suggestion: rewrite the sentence to remove that were] given tax breaks to move their businesses in the city, found other areas to move to and left the businesses vacant without finishing the promised period they were given the breaks for. No one held them accountable for breaking their agreement with the city. They owed taxes for the period they stayed in the city, for not fulfilling their obligation. Why didn’t anyone pursuit them? The state and federal government finally gets involved, they send money to aid in the tearing down of dangerous properties to eradicate the blight that is [Wordiness: see if you can remove that or that is] being [Doctoral rule (but good advice for any academic writer)If not a noun (as in human being), the word Being is hard to imagine; it means existing. Try to rewrite this without using beingwith action words like attending, working, living, experiencing, simply asor even removing being completely] reported. This is great [Writing suggestion: great is an overworked word, too frequently seen, and too vague. It has too many meanings: huge, superior, numerous, etc. Use a more specific adjective] news right? Only the problem is not being fixed, where is the money going to? This question is being asked so much that the Federal government begins to launch its own investigation. The allegations run deep, there is a pay to play scheme going on in the political arena. The mayor, the city cou ncil and several prominent people are involved in the scheme. Where is the money? Is it in the pockets of politicians small and great? The mayor is indicted and a couple of city council members are indicted as well on multiple charges involving running a criminal enterprise, misappropriation of funds and abuse of the public trust. Documents seized by the Fed’s reveal a deep rooted plan to take money out of the city to suburban areas where building projects could gain maximum dollars. The press reporting of these events are ignored and rejected as rumor and racial targeting of Black public officials, when all along the scheme was being unfolded by law enforcement at the very same time. While these events are taking place the city begins to look like a war zone. Neighborhoods ravished like waste dumps with tires and junk, abandoned burned out buildings and homes are the norm in most neighborhood. Amid the scandal the city officials are not addressing the people. One by one they began to resign and [Grammar: A run-on sentence requires a comma before and (or other conjunction) linking main clauses] the truth begins to come out. It was all a plan, it was done on purpose. They abandoned the city and left it in ruins, why? For investor’s that paid them millions of dollars to come in and by the property for nothing and rebuild unaffordable housing to drive out the elderly and the poor. As more and more [Writing suggestion: doubling a word like this can be effective in speech but is less intensive in writing] documents are uncovered and presented to the public the leadership begins to change hands. A new mayor is elected with a different plan but the same mission, to sell out the citizens of the city, this time without corruption, but with deception. He declares his plan to shrink the city, by selling off portion of it to the suburbs, making it a smaller city. The media again reveals documents of secret meeting with neighboring cities to go forward with this plan long before it was public knowledge. The people have been tricked again by the politicians in charge, when called by the citizens to explain these events the mayor and the city council set up town hall meeting where they hire a private company to conduct the meeting with none of them present. The mismanagement of funds causes the governor to respond by sending a team to investigate the condition of the city’s finances. It is discovered that the city is in deeper debt than it reveals to the government and [Grammar: A run-on sentence requires a comma before and (or other conjunction) linking main clauses] he assigns a nine member board to take over city financial operations. The city council votes in favor of the nine member board despite the outcry of the people.

The Importance Of A Electrocardiogram

The Importance Of A Electrocardiogram An electrocardiogram is an important part of the initial evaluation of a patient who is suspected to have a heart related problem. There are 12 small sticky electrodes that applied to the patients chest, arms and legs. However, with some systems, the electrodes may be applied to the chest, shoulders and the sides of the lower chest, or hips. The wires are used to connect the patient to the electrocardiogram machine. The patient will be asked to remain very still while a nurse or technician records the EKG. The electrical activity created by the patients heart is processed by the EKG machine and then printed on a special graph paper. This is then interpreted by your physician. It takes a few minutes to apply the EKG electrodes, and one minute to make the actual recording. The EKG is extremely safe and there is no risk involved. In rare cases, some people may develop skin irritation from the electrode adhesive, but no serious allergic reactions have been reported. The EKG can provide i mportant information about the patients heart rhythm, a previous heart attack, increased thickness of heart muscle, and signs of decreased oxygen delivery to the heart, and problems with conduction of the electrical current from one portion of the heart to another. What Is EKG? The basic importance of electrocardiogram are diagnosing irregularities in the heart, record changes in the heart, and establish baseline for other EKG by using the electrocardiogram machine. An electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG) is a quick, painless test that records the electrical activity of the heart. It may be taken at rest or during exercise. It is the standard clinical tool for diagnosing arrhythmias (abnormal rhythms) and to check if your heart is getting enough blood or if areas of your heart are abnormally thick. Small patches called electrodes are placed on different parts of the body. Different tracings of the hearts electrical activity can be made and permanently recorded on paper or in a computer. Three major waves of electric signals appear on the ECG. Each one shows a different part of the heartbeat. The P wave records the electrical activity of the atria. The QRS wave records the electrical activity of the ventricles, and the T wave records the hearts return to the resti ng state. Doctors study the shape and size of the waves, the time between waves and the rate and regularity of beating. Importance of Electrocardiogram There are many importance of EKG but these are the main importance, diagnose irregularities in the heart, record changes in the heart, and establish baseline for other electrocardiogram. Diagnose irregularities in the heart means to provide what need to be done in the heart. It is important to know because there are different types of importance that need to be done in order to know the right heart record during the electrocardiogram testing. Some patient base on their history because a lot of their familys having failure heart problem too. This means that they need more exercise and eat more good meals. Arrhythmias may be seen on 12- leads ECGs strips of one more leads. This means that everything is required for the EKG test. It also improves the patient development because the doctor may tell the patient what is right or wrong. Condition Determined by EKG The condition determined by electrocardiogram are previous heart attack, Heart blocked, Enlarged heart muscle, Rhythm disturbances. It takes a few minutes to apply the EKG electrodes, and one minute to make the actual recording. The EKG is extremely safe and there is no risk involved. In rare cases, some people may develop skin irritation from the electrode adhesive, but no serious allergic reactions have been reported. The EKG can provide important information about the patients heart rhythm, a previous heart attack, increased thickness of heart muscle, and signs of decreased oxygen delivery to the heart, and problems with conduction of the electrical current from one portion of the heart to another. Most of the Electrocardiogram physician and basically the one who help other people that has complaining about slow heart beat, fast heart beat, irregular heart beat or any symptom that they may encountered whatever they doing. It is very important to see the physician right away for ch eck up before the heart beat will become severe problem and this will cause them to death. Junctional Tachycardia Junctional Tachycardia is believed to be caused by enhanced automaticity and is commonly the result of digitalis toxicity (Shade Wesley, 2005). Another cause includes myocardial ischemia or infraction. It can also occur at the any age without a patient history of underlying heart disease. The patient will also complain to palpitations, nervousness, anxiety, vertigo, and syncope frequently accompany with dysrhythmia. When the patient get junctional tachycardia they may also sustained with rapid ventricular rates and retrograde depolarization in their atria because the ventricular filling is not as complete during diastole, leading to compromised cardiac output and the patient may occur heart disease. The rate of the person who has junctional tachycardia is 100 to v180v beats per minute and de P waves inverted may immediately precede, occur during the absent or follow the QRS complex (Shade Wesley, 2005). Myocardial Infraction Myocardial infarction is the death of injured myocardial cells. This may occur when the person has a sudden decrease or total cessation of blood flow through the coronary artery. It is also commonly occurs when the intimacy of a coronary artery ruptures, exposing the atherosclerotic plaque to the blood within the artery. The area of the heart normally supplied by the blocked artery goes through a characteristic sequence of events describe as zones of ischemia, injury and infraction. There are also three key EKG indicators of myocardial ischemia, injury, and infarction; they are changes in the T wave, changes in the ST segment, and Enlarged Q waves or appearance of new Q waves. This means that means that anyone of this changes maybe present without anyone of the others. Placing leads on the client and setting machine control This are the steps they physician need to do before hooking up the EKG leads and electrodes to the patient. First wash hands, assemble the equipment like the EKG machine with electrodes, electrodes pad, alcohol wipes or skin cleansing agent, bath and blanket or sheet, and the patient grown. The physicians need also to identify the patient to make sure they have the right patient. Explain what you are doing, and reassure patient that this procedure is painless but the electrodes are sticky and its little bit cold and the patient need to avoid applying lotion before the test. Position the patient on bed or treatment table in a supine position with are relaxed beside their body. Covers the patient with a blanket leaving the arms and legs exposed to provide privacy. Wipe the skin with a cleansing agent to remove oils, scaly skin, or perspiration and the physician are now ready to apply the 12 electrodes. The patient needs to arrive 15 minutes before the test. There is no pain during the test and the result of the test will send it to your doctor and they will share the result with the patient in 2 weeks. There are 12 leads that will be place in the the body which is the arm, legs, and chest. What is Pacemaker? An electronic pacemaker is a small device use to control the heart rhythm. The Pacemaker electrical device use to prompt the pulses of the irregular heartbeat to a normal heartbeat. Pacemaker is people who have bradycardia. Cardiac pacing is a recognized and widely used treatment for patients presenting with bradycardia. Physicians expect patients to return to normal activities almost immediately post implantation. However, patients themselves may perceive interference to pacemaker function by various routine activities and devices, and hence continue to lead restricted, disabled lives. The aim of this study is to determine if routine activities are perceived by pacemaker patients to interfere with their device function (Pacemaker, 2008). This means that most of the patient who needs to have pacemaker is the old people because they starting to have a slow heartbeat and they need the pacemaker in order to help them breathing. The Pacemaker contains two parts the generator and the part s. The generator is tiny, hermetically sealed computer (Fogoros, 2003). This generator is roughly the size of a 50-cent piece, and approximately three times as thick. The battery life of most pacemaker generators today is 5 to 8 years. EKG interpretation Electrocardiograms are diagnosing irregularities in the heart record changes in the heart. The patient needs to arrive 15 minutes before the EKG test. Avoid using lotion around the chest, arms, and legs because the electrodes pads are sticky. For the women they may have to use gown in the hospital to avoid privacy and for the men if they have hairy hair in their chest the physicians may have to shaved if so that the 12 electrodes can hook up good. There are 12 electrodes that need to be connected during the EKG test (Electrocardiogram, 2005). The physician needs to know if the patient has a normal heart beat or irregular heart that why its very important to go see the doctor right away when people have problems about the heart. It is very important because most of the people who having symptoms are just taking any kind types of medication. When the patient taking the wrong medication without the doctor prescription the body will affect and the body will become perilous. Horizontal li nes measure time (1mm square- 0.04 secs), the vertical lines measure voltage (1mm square- 0.01 mV), and the tic mark will identify 6 sec strip intervals. Heart rate computation has the identify rate which measure ventricular rate unless otherwise specified and its also measure the R-wave. They choose to method to determine or make sure that the rate has six second method box and box method. The six second method count the number of QRS complexes occurring within 6 seconds and multiply the number by 10. During the Holter monitoring or electrocardiogram testing make sure that the V3 leads is under the right nipple if the patient is under 15 years old and if its older than 15 they can hook it up like adult. During the hook up of the Holter monitoring the first step they need to do is to take out the battery compartment and place AA battery, then insert the flashcard with the lip facing downward. Second, push the enter key twice, they will hear the beep sound, then you will be able to e nter the social security of the patient by scrolling the up down side to side keys then select ok button. Third, scroll across the top check the channels 1-3 to make sure all the hook ups are all working and good. Fourth, they should also check the first time by scrolling across the date and time. Fifth, check the duration of the scan and pacer detector by going to the settings then go to start and press the enter button. Lastly, issue the patient what they need to do after 24 hours. The physician needs to hand his/her a log sheet for their activities and symptoms. Electrocardiogram Rhythm Sinus Rhythm is a regular normal rhythm of the heart set by the natural pacemaker of the heart called the sinoatrial node or sinus node. It is located in the right atrium and refers to the normal increase in heart rate that occurs during inspiration when they breathe. Its also a small, slow variation of the R-R interval variation of the normal sinus heart rate respiration (Medical, n.d.). There is also sinus tachycardia which means the sinus rhythm is 100 beats per minute. The QT interval decreases as the rate increases. The maximum rate in sinus rhythm is usually 220-age (Medical, n.d.). The sinus bradycardia or slow heart beat is 60 beats per minute and this may due to parasympathetic dominance at rest (Cardiac, n.d.). The premature ventricular complexes are observed in 60 percent of healthy adults in monitoring. This means that the patient can take home the Holter monitoring and they have a log sheet and they have to write the time and what are they doing. The sheet also is very i mportant because it will record all the information that the physicians need it. The Holter monitor is the recording the heart beat the every time the patient realize of feel that they having a funny heart beat they may need to press the middle button of the Holter monitor. Atrial fibrillation is when human has two upper chambers and the two low chambers. The upper chambers are called the left atrium and the right atriums are the plural of atrium in the atria. When the two lower chambers contact at the excessively high rate, and its an irregular way, the patient has atrial fibrillation. (What, n.d.) Atrial flutter is when a patient complaining about their heartbeat. Most of the patient that has atrial flutter heartbeat has stop beating, and they cant realize any feeling. There are also times that when the patient is lying down they may experience fast heart beat. Most old people have experiencing this because of their age. They may need to stop drinking coffee, soda, lemonade or any drinks that has acid because this will may affect their heart beats. For the patient that has atrial flutter they have to go to emergency room right away and make sure the doctors take x-rays of the patients heart and lungs. To prevent this people need to exercise and eat healthy food. Ventricular Tachycardia is very rapid tachycardia. The causes are cardiomyopathy and heart failure can occur without heart disease. Ventricular Fibrillation: Right and Left Main Coronary Artery The right main coronary artery originates from the side of the aorta and passes along the antrioventricular sulcus between the right atrium and the ventricle. They divided into two branches, the marginal artery and the posterior interventricular artery. The portion of the myocardium supplied by the right coronary artery includes the right atrium, right ventricle, inferior and posterior wall of the left ventricle and the one third posterior of the intarventricular septum. The right coronary artery supplies blood to the SA node in about 60 percent of the population and to the AV node about 90 percent of the population. Also the posterior-inferior fascicle of the left bundle branch. The left coronary artery originates from the left side of the aorta. It divides into the anterior descending and circumflex branches. The anterior descending artery perfuses the anterior surface and part of the lateral surface of the left ventricle and the anterior two thirds of the intraventricular septum. The branches of the anterior descending artery, the diagonal artery and the septal perforators, help supply blood to the lateral walls of the left ventricle. The circumflex artery supplies the left atrium, anteriolateral, poster lateral, and the posterior wall of the left ventricle. The heart needs its own blood supply because the demand for oxygen in the myocardial cells is extremely high. The coronary arteries provide a continuous supply of oxygen and nutrients to the myocardial cell. The heart works constantly to pump blood to the body, so the oxygen consumption of the heart is greater than that of single organs. The terminal branches of the arteries have many interconnections, forming an extensive vascular network. Reciprocal Changes The reciprocal changes are the mirror image that occurs when you have two leads viewing the same myocardial infarction from opposite angles. The infracted zone is electrically neutral, so the lead directly over the heart registers only an unopposed vector moving away from it. This cause the waveform to be negative. The T wave is flipped because of depolarization abnormalities generated by the areas ischemia and injury. The concept is important to relate while looking at the EKG traces because it shows the different areas of the heart. Reciprocal change was noted in all patients with inferior infarction. This means that the ST segment depression is higher. If the Electrocardiogram traces are change the heart will detect the symptom right away or the ST segment will change. Anatomy and Physiology of EKG The heart is a hollow muscular organ that lies in the middle of the thoracic cavity behind the sternum, between the lungs and just above the diaphragm (Pre-reading). The blood enters to the heart for the major veins of the body. The superior vena cava feed the right atrium and the left atrium. The left ventricle supply the left atrium and the right ventricle are in the middle to return blood in the middle. The heart beat consist of two contractions, when the atriums contract the blood is squeezed simultaneously from the right atrium through the tricuspid valve and when the ventricles contract the blood squeeze from the right ventricle through the pulmonary valve and to the lungs. There are also two major veins that deliver blood all over the areas of the body especially in the right atrium. They called this superior vena cava and anterior vena cava. They divides directly in the heart and have different construction. Different Waves P-waves moves in a compression motion similar to the motion of a slinky, while the S waves move in a shear motion perpendicular to the direction of the wave that is travelling. P-wave is basically electrical signature of the current that cause atrial contraction. It is also the portion of the electrocardiogram tracing that represent the depolarization of the myocardium. Its depolarized in the left atrium and reflects to the right depolarization. QRS complex is the portion of the EKG tracing that represents depolarization in the myocardium and the ventricle are activated simultaneously. T-wave is deflection of the normal electrocardiogram following QRs complex and it represent repolarization or recovery of the ventricle. Sinus Arrest A rhythm can also appear irregular when a SA node fails to initiate an impulse. This can be called sinus arrest and is seen as the pause in the electrocardiogram rhythm. They rhythm leading up to the pause looks normal. Sometimes there is also suddenly absence of the P wave as well as the QRS complex and T wave. These are one whos creating gap or pause of the heartbeat. If a SA node fails to fire, then the escape pacemaker from the atria call AV injunction will initiates and impulses. Irregularity may also cause by premature ventricular heartbeat during the electrocardiogram test and the rhythm making R-R interval pause. The rhythm leading up to the pause looks normal if the EKG test is no irregular. A slightly rhythm is where the P-P intervals and R-R intervals vary. The changes of the pacemaker from site to site can lead to this type of irregularities. A cause of the slightly irregular rhythm is when initiation of the heartbeat changes from site to site of each beat. Each of the he art beat is initiates to other area. The QRS ventricle depolarize and it will become larger muscle mass. The ST segment is normally isoelectric and gently blends into upslope of T wave. The point where the ST segment is located will takes off from the QRS ventricle and it goes to the J point.

The Works Of Pedro Almodovar Film Studies Essay

The Works Of Pedro Almodovar Film Studies Essay Pedro Almodà ³var, the Spanish film-maker, has always been considered in Hollywood to be a womans director (Maddison 2000). This definition actually connoted latent homosexuality and female-identified melodrama. However, this characteristic of Almodà ³vars works seems a little bit superfluous, as his films are best known for the mixture of reality and fiction, extraordinary messages and unique plots. Fiction and reality go together in the films by Pedro Almodà ³var. Sometimes it is next to impossible to differentiate between them, to decide what comes from real life and what was the play of directors imagination. One thing is true for sure: all films by Pedro Almodà ³var are united by the same central issue: the question of identity (Marsh 2006). He engages this issue in many different ways from the earliest work Pepi, Luci, Bom y las otras chicas del montà ³n (1980) to his most recent film Volver (Return) (2006). This is a key feature of Pedro Almodà ³var and it is consistently depicted through the motif of writing. He writes reality into existence and thereby changes it through fiction. Thus, the film-maker interrogates all forms of subject formation and subjectivity. The films of Pedro Almodà ³var abound in characters who adopt multiple pseudonyms, the repeated images of typewriters, the information transmitted through found notes, the eerie presence of ghostwriters (Mars h 2006). The film All About My Mother (Todo Sobre Mi Madre (1999)) is one of the best examples of interrelation of reality and fiction. The subject of the film is the definition of sexual identity. This point is a very important one, as Pedro Almodà ³var never introduces exclusively homosexual or heterosexual characters. On the contrary, the characters of the film perform their identities and so it is next to impossible to define what identity will be chosen by them at any moment. This point is present not only in All About My Mother, but in many other works of Pedro Almodà ³var (such as in his earlier work La Ley Deseo (1986), for example). Pedro Almodà ³var subverts identity through the human body. The director rejects the idea that a persons identity, his or her essence is contained in one single organ, such as heart, for instance. On the contrary, the combination of physical appearance alongside with inner content defines a certain gender of any person. Thus, Pedro Almodà ³var introduces a rather ironic scene when Agrado, the transsexual character of the film, delivers a rather comic and in the same time frank confession, giving all the details of the operations with her body that lead to her present feminine gender. Pedro Almodà ³var rather boldly undermines the Christian learning that presents human body as an inviolable and essential representation of being. The film-maker goes further and subverts identity. He proposes the body as a site of imitation. According to Pedro Almodà ³var (2010) the main topics of his film All About My Mother include womans ability to pretend, wounded motherhood and the spontaneous solidarity among women (Almodà ³var 2010). Although the film is a fiction, Manuelas reality is very grim and harsh. All her life she has to run away. First, she runs away from Barcelona to Madrid, carrying a son inside her. She runs away from her sons (Esteban) father. Eighteen years later Manuela has to run again in the opposite direction. Her son died and she returns to Barcelona to find his father and to tell him about the short life of the son he never knew about. She wants to leave Madrid, the city where Estebans life started and ended so quickly. Manuelas feelings are in confusion. Barcelona is the city of Estebans father. Madrid is Estebans city. Manuelas emotions are difficult to understand as she cannot sort them out herself. For her both these cities are incompatible and irreconcilable. When Esteban asked her about his father she always tried to change the subject of the conversation. She had a reason, as his father decided to take a feminine form and everybody called him Lola. Seventeen years she kept silent and at last Manuela promised to tell her son about his father on his birthday that happened to be Estebans last day. Esteban did not know his father. What appears to be reality for Manuela results in fiction for Esteban. Manuela runs away once more. It is Barcelona Madrid direction again; besides she is again with Esteban, a baby whose father is also Lola. It is rather symbolic. Manuela feels something like revival. She has a son to take care of, his name is Esteban and she is the only person left in this world to dedicate herself to this new life. Manuela realizes that her life is really extraordinary. She does not even comprehend herself sometimes what is true and what is not in her life; she herself cannot differentiate the boundaries between reality and fiction, because everything i s so real and so unusual in her life. She also realizes that she could be an actress if she wanted, as she sees in herself the ability to change and pretend. All About My Mother implies the ideas of female identification and introduce the concept of heterosocial bonds as a way of understanding the structures of knowledge (Maddison 2000). In fact, Manuela, the main character of the film, pushes herself to form alternative bonds between herself and other women in order to adjust to the difficulties caused by men in her life. It seems very clear that All About My Mother is a film with which Pedro Almodà ³var offers and extraordinary degree of female identification. This film has an emotionally intense, somber quality (Maddison 2000). The death of Esteban, Manuelas only son, catalyses the narration of the film. Besides, it nearly separates the political and emotional idea of motherhood from the performance of this role in the family. Almodà ³var presents female bonding that eliminates mens control and influence in the family. So, he points out that femininity is not the sole realm of women; nor is gender oppression the sole experience of wo men (Maddison 2000). The boundaries between real life and fiction are often blurred in the films by Pedro Almodà ³var. That is one of the reasons why his films are so popular, unique and extraordinary. No one can dispute this fact nevertheless he likes or dislikes Pedro Almodà ³vars works. That can be considered one of the distinguishing features of Almodà ³vars films. He mentions in one of his interviews (Almodà ³var 2006) that reality and fiction are sometimes absolutely fused in his films. All films by Pedro Almodà ³var can be characterized as a mixture of images and sounds, genres, changing genders and characters, actors and motifs. The director characterized that with the term collage (Rosen 2006). These collages create endless chains of echoes and reflections between fiction and reality. In his interview about his film Volver Pedro Almodà ³var says: The best way to tell a fiction (at least in my case) is to dress it with reality. Reality and fiction come together without confusion (2010).The film-maker claims that he can then hold the direct conversation with the film he is making. Sometimes it appears to be difficult even for the director to distinguish between reality and fiction. Pedro Almodà ³var just accepts the fact that films are his life. The films he makes just come from his life and sometimes it happens vice versa: his films give rise to life. All About My Mother has both the features of reality and fiction. Every picture is the result of the film-makers fantasy and imagination. However, this film is also a mourning of Almodà ³var for his own mother. Thus, the intertextual references make fiction and reality interpenetrate and it is already impossible to tell reality from fiction as it is impossible to differentiate between the grief of the mother who lost her only son and the grief of a son who lost his mother. The thirteenth film by Pedro Almodà ³var All About My Mother is considered by the critics to be the most accomplished directors film. It is dramatically rich and its emotional gravitas really does serve to recognize the power and quality of the film.

Dangerous Offenders Legislation Essay examples -- essays research pape

The new Dangerous Prisoners (Sexual Offenders) Act (2003) In Queensland permits prisoners to be kept in prison beyond their release date where a court finds that there is a ‘high degree of probability’ that they represent a ‘serious danger to the community’. Other jurisdictions have enacted similar legislation to restrict the release of prisoners assessed to be dangerous. Do you think that dangerousness legislation of this sort is justified or unjustified? Several states across the Country have enacted or attempted to enact legislation which can enable detention of a prisoner past his/her release date. This type of legislation’s general purpose is to provide a mechanism whereby prisoners who, if released pose an unacceptable risk of committing further serious offences, may be detained where it is deemed appropriate to do so for the protection of the community (Field, 2003). The most recent of these being the Queensland Government’s passing of the Dangerous Prisoners (Sexual Offenders) Act 2003. Similar laws were introduced in New South Wales in 1994, however they were ultimately ruled invalid by the High Court. Prior to this in 1991 Victoria enacted legislation known as the Community Protection Act 1990, which allowed for the continued detention of one prisoner known as Garry David. Whilst this Act applied to no one else the Victorian Government attempted to broaden the legislation with Draft Bill proposals which ultimate ly lapse in the face of wide ranging criticism from lawyer, psychiatrists and academics. (Greig 1995) This type of legislation has been devised to allow for the detention of people based upon assessments of risk of re-offending, this essay will explore the concerns with these practices. This essay further aims to explore the moral and practical implications of such sentencing provisions and the impact it has on the whole Justice System. The writer will also address the conflicting goals of Corrections and the purpose and impact of indefinite sentencing while exploring the justifications against such legislation. This essay also aims to show that even though we may feel disgust for these types of offences we must remember the fundamentals of the Criminal Law system and understand that people are entitled to equality and fairness in the eyes of the law. It has been suggested that this type of legislation has largely been introduced to fi... ...on. However the subjective nature of detaining someone after their release date is further complicated by the fact that there is no accurate basis for determining which offenders are likely to re-offend and which ones are not (Wortley and Smallbone, 2003). Is this type of legislation justified? In simple terms no. It removes basic human rights such as the Common Law belief of innocent until proven guilty, it also takes away the adversarial nature of our justice system and replaces it with the possibility of arbitrary imprisonment (NSW Law Commission, 2004). This type of legislation also fails to adequately balance the goals of Imprisonment instead focuses on the punitive goals and contradicts the goal of rehabilitation. People detained under this legislation can be forgiven for arguing that they are being punished over and over again for their crimes whilst some offenders get to serve their time and move on with their lives. Unfortunately the very principle of the legislation is to detain offenders until they are no longer a risk, when in reality the risk of re-offending could escalate because of the powerful feeling of injustice created by the legislation. WORD COUNT: 2367

Essay --

With energy demand projected to almost double in the Asia and Pacific region by 2030, there is a necessity for innovative ways to generate power while at the same time reducing pollution and greenhouse gas emissions. The United Nations Secretary-General made sustainable energy one of the five key priorities which include developing sustainability guidelines and criteria for bioenergy production and use; mapping landscapes to determine bioenergy potential in developing countries; and promoting investment in bioenergy. United Nations reiterated that universal access to energy, improved efficiency and enhanced deployment of renewable sources are achievable, and the is leading a â€Å"Sustainable Energy for All† initiative led by the Secretary-General to make them achievable. (UN Foundation,2013) Vital trends relevant to biomass energy project development are the power infrastructure and the project finance market. (Minnich, 2010) The first deals with emerging economies, particularly in Asia-Pacific nations such as the Philippines, are continually challenged by inadequate power supply to meet demands. The problem is exaggerated in nations where rural electricity is limited by geographical barriers or political challenges. Hence, many nations have established models for independent power producers that promote smaller, private owned power plant developments while guaranteeing connectivity to the national power grid. These applications, typically limited in size, from 1 to 50 MW approximately, create many opportunities for small power producers. In regions where agriculture is the major industry or in countries with national bio-fuel policies, the availability of biomass fuel sources and the promise of independent power producer policy may... ...- East Asia Pacific mentioned â€Å"Cross region and collaboration is very important in order to share lessons in the successful implementation of SEF. It is important for IFC and FIs to share experiences on implementing and financing these projects for this is important way to improve how we do business. Each country or bank is unique yet fundamental procedures such as understanding the clients’ needs, knowing the market are matched with how we could address it by keeping open mind and being adoptable†. Permata Bank formed the BPI - Permata Bank Knowledge Exchange in May 2012 as a platform for IFC, Permata and BPI to engage in knowledge sharing. The results of the exchange will become the benchmark in project financing renewable energy in the region the replication of the SEF model, originated from Russia, Europe and China, and adopt it for South East Asian nations.

Wilkie Collins’ The Woman In White: 19th Century Victorian femininity e

Wilkie Collins’ The Woman In White: 19th Century Victorian femininity exposed through the accounts of multiple narrators Readers of nineteenth century British literature imagine typical Victorian women to be flighty, emotionally charged, and fully dependent on the men in their lives. One envisions a corseted woman who is a dutiful wife, pleasant entertainer, and always the model of etiquette. Wilkie Collins acknowledges this stereotype in his novel The Woman in White, but he contradicts this image by creating strong women in the characters of Marian Halcombe, and to a lesser extent, of Laura Fairlie. Collins also explores these powerful women in relation to marriage, and their loss of identity in becoming a wife, as exemplified by Madame Fosco. He reveals personal details about the women by employing a journal-style novel, one in which most characters have the ability to describe the action in their own words and thoughts. In this way, Collins can craft a mystery where both sexes are in a constant power struggle and the women are as well-equipped to be detectives as the men. The character of Laura Fairlie is an interesting one to explore; on one hand, she appears to be the embodiment of Victorian sentiment. Laura is emotional and considered very feminine by all narrators in the novel, and initially seems to be controlled by men because of the promise she makes to her father on his death-bed. Her consent to this loveless marriage with Sir Percival Glyde also proves her to be stronger than an average Victorian woman might be; she is a moral, respectable woman, whose conscience will not let her betray the promise to her father for an alternative escape. The reader first meets Laura through Walter Hartright’s eyes, and... ...ntellect with regard to detection and solving a mystery. In The Woman In White, Wilkie Collins employs a changing narrator that gives voice to powerful women and their struggle against the oppressions of marriage. With the characterizations of Marian Halcombe and Laura Fairlie, he dismisses the outmoded notions of Victorian womanhood, and places equal power between the men and women in his novel. Madame Fosco is representative of the passive Victorian woman, and her extreme change in character forces the reader to examine the negative aspects of marriage for these women more closely. With the distinct accounts of different authors, the reader is able to gain insights into these women and their motives for accepting or denying their gender roles in the novel. Works Cited Collins, Wilkie. The Woman In White. Oxford University Press, Inc: New York. 1996.

Exploring ‘‘Woman’s sphere’’ Essay

George Sand and Harriet Beecher Stowe, as the two popular nineteenth-century female authors, they had much in common, such as the strong spirit of independence and fight for rights for women etc. However, they certainly had some differences too. In this essay, it will be talk about their similarities, differences and which one is better. Also, their success and construction to the society will be discussed too. Sand and Stowe were also facing problems as other women although they were well-known and successful in their careers. They had aristocratic background but they had already lived with poverty. They had the experience of turbulent years of civil and social strife. Compared to them, maybe Sand was the poor one. Her love affair was not smoothly. After Sand end her first unhappy marriage, she was living with a series of men, even people called her ‘‘the most obscene of women’’. Stowe had the quite different lifestyle. She was more conservative relatively. However, in the political area, Sand did not agree that the political rights for women, even suffrage. She valued social equality but not political equality. Stowe favored women suffrage and thought that it was a way to advance the virtues of domesticity. Besides, this two writers also played an active role on public affairs by writing. Sand mainly focused on the injustices on women and the lower classes while Stowe was describing the predicament of slaves. However, each advocated that woman’s way of looking at things is valued and believed that it could help to improve the world if the men understood it. The most important view of them is that women had the rights to work and own property. Women should be paid equally with man. The love and virtue of women can change the world. It might be a little bit exaggerated but the things they did were actually change the world and improve the rights of women. This two famous female writer were also successful and contributive. Who was a better one to the society? Sand used a male pseudonym and men’s clothing to get more freedom. In addition, her lifestyle might be more open than many women nowadays.

Spreading Awareness about STD among Youth

Lack of Knowledge about STDS among youth Becoming sexually active at a young age tends to increase a person's number of overall partners and as a result, her or his risk of STDS. Biologically, young girls are more susceptible to infection. Although the system cannot control teens or preteen's actions, but they can help them understand the risks of sexual activity and that's 0K to wait to have sex.A research done by Katherine Harmon on Jan 2013 shows 321,000 cases of gonorrhea only are reported each year in the U. S. Another research shows approximately 60 percent of new HIV infections in united states occurs among oung people under age 25 and most of these infections are transmitted sexually. By all the efforts and new programs that government is trying to put into educational system, when we see these reports and numbers we all agree in one matter: these are not enough.And I believe if government instead of mostly concentrating on medical treatments pays more attention to youth heal th education and STDS prevention training classes, life of hundreds of people can be saved every day. The reason I chose this topic is because I'm originally Middle Eastern or in another world from a third world country. Four years ago, when I was living in my country, there was not much attention to STDS among the people and there was never any program in our society or schools to educate families and youth about STDS.Since I was always curios, I was doing research from different sources about them to be able to improve my personal knowledge about them and hopefully be able to help some people. When I came to United States, I was expecting the majority of people are well educated about these kinds of matters but unfortunately when I read different researches about increasing number of STDS infections among the youth, it Just hange my whole expectation from educational system of one of the most advanced countries.By all that being said, I hope to see a day that nobody in any country would be infected of STDS due to lack of information and knowledge. Resources: nature. com (the name of article is â€Å"common STD grows resistant to treatment in North America. Mayoclinic. com (the name of article is â€Å"sexually transmitted diseases. Hawaii. edu (effective HIV/STD and teen pregnancy prevention programs for young women of color ) Spreading Awareness about STD among Youth By arashghahremani

Acceptable Use Policy Essay

An Acceptable Use Policy (AUP) is an organization-wide policy that defines what is allowed and what is not allowed regarding use of Information Technology (IT) assets by employees. The following policy is to be followed by all employees of Richman Investments, authorized individuals, vendors, and contractors who use any information technology (IT), electronic, or communication devices owned and/or provided by Richman Investments for the purpose of assisting them with their job-related duties. Access to the Internet is a privilege and all employees must adhere to the policies regarding computer, email, and Internet usage. Violation of these policies will result in disciplinary and/or legal action that may include counseling, revocation of company devices, termination of the employee, and legal action. II. Roles and Responsibilities Every employee must acknowledge that they have received a copy of the AUP and confirm that they have a complete understanding and agree to abide by the rules set forth in the AUP. See more: Basic Economic problem of Scarcity Essay Receipt and signing of the AUP will occur at Employee Orientation, and in the event of changes to the policy, a revised AUP must be signed. III. Policy Directives A. Acceptable Use Management Requirements A Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) will be established to support the development and maintenance of this AUP. Richman Investments’ management team is responsible for keeping the AUP up to current standards and ensuring that new and current employees are kept abreast of major changes and that signatures are obtained from each employee following these changes. At a minimum, skills that should be included include annual User Training and Awareness. A formal review cycle will be established to review all Acceptable Use initiatives. B. Ownership Any electronic files created, sent, received, or stored under the custody of Richman Investments are the property of Richman Investments and use of these files by employees is neither personal nor private. Richman Investments management has the right to monitor and/or log all employee use with or without prior notice. C. Acceptable Use Requirements All users must report any incidents of possible misuse or violation of this AUP. Users must not attempt to access any documents, data, email, or programs in which they are not authorized to do so. Users must report any weaknesses in computer security to the management and/or the appropriate security staff. Users must not share their account passwords, PINs, or Smartcards used for identification and authorization purposes. Users must not make any copies of copyrighted materials or Richman Investments-owned software. Users must not engage in activity that Richman Investments may consider to be indecent, obscene, offensive, or that is illegal according to any law. Users must not download, install or run security programs or utilities such as scanners or password cracking programs that exploit weaknesses in the security of Richman Investments’ computers systems. Access to the Internet from company-owned, home-based computers must follow all rules and regulations outlined for in-house computer resources. Any security issues will be reported to and followed up on by management for further investigation. D. Incidental Use Incidental use of email, Internet access, FAX machines, printers, and copiers is restricted to approved users only and does not include family members. These must not result in direct costs to Richman Investments or cause legal action to be taken. Incidental use must not interfere with the normal performance of any employee’s work duties. Storage of voice messages, email messages, files and documents must be limited. IV. Enforcement, Auditing, Reporting Richman Investments management is responsible for the periodic auditing and reporting of compliance with this policy. Violation of this policy may results in disciplinary action that may include counseling and/or termination, depending upon the seriousness of the infraction. Any employee may anonymously report policy violations via Richman Investments’ Intranet or by telephone at 303-303-3030. IV. References A. Richman Investment POLICY: Information Security. 2013. P 1-6. B. Information Technology Acceptable Use Policies and Procedures. 2013. P 1-8. C. Internet Usage Policy. 2013. P 1-2.

Bela Bartok (1881-1945) Hungarian Composer

As the tensions of war grew in Europe particularly in the Nazi-subjugated countries, the urge in Bartok to flee Hungary was overwhelming. The first thing he did was send his manuscripts out of Hungary and in 1940 he and his wife made their journey towards America, leaving their son Bela jr. , in Hungary. Though Bartok sought refuge in the United States and gained citizenship in 1945, he did not regard his journey as an exile, but rather an emigration.One of the pleasures that Bartok found in the United States was his privilege to study a compilation of the folk music of Serbia and Croatia at the prestigious Columbia University in New York City. During that time, there spread rumors that Bartok and his family were terribly destitute. However, this was not true for although they were not living a well-off life, he and his family lived decently. When Bela Bartok was diagnosed with leukemia, his hospital fees were shouldered by the American Society for Composers, Authors and Publishers.A nd in a gesture of goodwill, the conductor Serge Koussevitzky was convinced to have his foundation perform a Bartok piece through the conductor Fritz Reiner, and the culmination was the Concerto for Orchestra. IN 1944, Bartok wrote a solo violin sonata for the violinist Yehudi Menuhin, and last two concertos finished by Tibor Serly his Hungarian compatriot. Bartok’s works before his death in 1945 were branded as â€Å"the spirit of the times†. This and countless other bodies acclaimed his accomplishments and works. A large majority of his works was entered in several orchestral repertoires, and virtually all of them remained.Bartok not only left a Hungarian legacy but also, his contemporaries became proud of belonging in the same era as Bartok’s. Bela Bartok passed away peacefully on the 26th of September, 1945 in a hospital in New York. By his side was his wife Ditta Bartok and Bela jr. His remains were buried in New York’s Woodlawn Cemetery but were tra nsferred back to his native Hungary four decades later in 1988. Reference: Unitarian Universalist Historical Society (UUHS. (n. d. ). Bela Bartok. Retrieved June 24, 2007, from http://www25. uua. org/uuhs/duub/articles/belabartok. html

Summary 5 234 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Summary 5 234 - Essay Example Pain is also an important issue to discuss with a hospitalized toddler. The child needs to be taught that it is not his fault that he is sick or in pain and that it is okay to express it when he is hurting. Teachers and family members must help the infant or child to cope with her illness. Infants and toddlers who have been hospitalized may need extra time and encouragement to meet their developmental milestones. They may also regress to an earlier stage of development. It is the teacher's job to reassure parents that this isn't permanent and with encouragement, their child will regain these skills. Promoting active and medical play in the classroom is also a good way for children to express their frustration or other feelings about their experience. Hospitalization or a long illness is difficult for the child, but it is also difficult for the family and friends. Parents may not know where to ask for help in caring for their child and they also need reassurance from their child's tea cher on how the child is coping in the classroom. It is important for the entire family to be involved in the recuperation of the recovering infant or toddler.

APPLE INCORPORATED Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

APPLE INCORPORATED - Research Paper Example As of August 2010, the association began working 300 retail stores in ten countries and an online store where fittings and modifying things available to be purchased. Made on April 1, 1976 in Cupertino, California, and combined January 3, 1977, the association was aforetime designated Apple Computer, Inc., for its first 30 years, yet scatterbrained the proclamation "Computer" on January 9, 2007 to reflect the association's endless wander into the client fittings promote in mixture with its customary concentrate on Pcs (Livingstone, 37). Establishment and advancement Steve Wozniak and Steve Jobs, created Apple Computer in the 1976 out of the silicon valley. From the Apple Ii microcomputer familiar in 1977 with the Macintosh exhibited in 1984, Apple Computer has transformed into one of the heading machine originators on the planet. On the other hand, Apple's pace of the generally business fell as competition from Microsofts' Windows and the comparably efficient Ibm Personal machines wh ich were great machines that moved the business division in 1990s. This was the pivotal turning point for Apple from a beneficially lucrative association to an endeavour with debilitating cash identified incidents. Apple, made a couple of movements turn the business around yet again. On May 2001, Apple pronounced the opening of the Apple retail stores in critical Us client zones. These files were planned to stem the tide of Apple's declining partition of the machine publicize and to nullify a poor record of promoting, Apple things with their-assembling retail outlets. What's more, Apple introduced its first ipod conveyable electronic sound player later that year. It was a completely early item offering of its workstation business. Not long after the showing of ipod, itunes Store was made to offer online music downloads for Us 99 pennies a musical amalgamation for its ipod lines. Notwithstanding music, more than 2200 system shows, circulated full-length films from Disney. This extern al examination of Apple Corporation utilizes a mix of Porter's Five Forces, complementors, and parts of a Pest examination to investigate the danger levels in Apple's inclination. The logical arrangement is an amalgam of the sundry models, certain things are broken out for phenomenal thought underneath. The human resource hiring process Regularly, the meeting process is fluctuated. A few applicants share in 4 meetings with 4-5 individuals at once while others, contingent upon the position, may be subjected to the same amount as 10 meetings. A portion of the more key inquiries touch on why somebody needs to work for Apple with one candidate noting that they're testing for "obsessive brand grip.", The interviews at Apple inc are quite tricky in that they are follow up questions to the questions that are asked in a normal interview. One of the ways that one can get to work for apple more easily is wen they had an internship there. In the process there also includes brain teasers for on e to prove they are well endowed in the mathematics section. Strategies and executions Before all else, in order to get a vigor about that nature's domain, an audit of Apple is publicized. Mac is incorporated in two associations: the Pc market and the regalement as well as the market of the media. Its ways have been to fuse its punctual

Are traffic cameras an invasion of privacy Assignment

Are traffic cameras an invasion of privacy - Assignment Example Before they can drive they are required to have a driving license and by acquiring this document they are abiding by the traffic rules which state that an individual will not drive past a red light. The US circuit court of appeal ruled in a case in 2009 that ‘no one has a fundamental right to run a red light or avoid being seen by a camera on a public street’ (Parveen Idris v. City of Chicago Illinois, 2009). In the event that a driver does this the camera is part of the traffic surveillance system and thus is programmed to capture the image of the offender. The driver will have broken traffic rules. According to the Insurance Institute for highway safety driving is regulated by law and the cameras only capture the people on the wrong side of the traffic rules. They capture the license plate of the vehicle or in other cases as permitted by the law they may be allowed to capture the image of the driver (IIHS, 2011). The law also states that it will be considered an intrusion of privacy if any individual is captured without them knowing (BBB Inc, 2010). In this instance the drivers are always aware that there are cameras installed on highway intersections and in case they cross under a red light they will be captured by the camera. Because they understand the existence of the camera and why it is placed there this cannot be considered an intrusion of privacy unless the camera has been placed there to monitor their activities in the vehicle which is not the case. In many public places there are cameras placed for security purposes, they record people and activities but this is done when the people are aware they are being recorded. In Canada for example the Personal Information Protection and Electronic Documents act states that unless in very extreme circumstances such surveillance is considered legal when the people who are being monitored are aware that